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NGC 40 (Caldwell 2), the Bow Tie Nebula in Cepheus

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Through a small telescope, the 9th magnitude central star of this planetary nebula is easy to see, but the faint nebula may not be obvious at first. With larger scopes, the oval nebula is seen in much more detail, and the brightest edges on each side give it a "bow tie" shape. Visually, NGC 40 has the blue-green color that is typical of planetary nebulae.
Evening visibility: June-February
Best viewed with: telescope
  Printable chart (pdf) View larger image
Directions:
Find the constellation Cassiopeia, which has a distinctive "W" shape (although its orientation changes at different times of year as it circles the north celestial pole). On fall evenings, look for Cassiopeia in the northeast, where its tilt makes it look like a "3", and in the winter look high in the north above Polaris, where it is oriented like an "M".

As shown below, use the stars of Cassiopeia to direct you to the nearby constellation Cepheus. It has the shape of a house with a pointy roof, though the house appears upside down when Cepheus is high in the sky above Polaris.

First locate the upside-down house formed by the five brightest stars of Cepheus. The peaked roof of this house is Gamma (γ) Cephei, and the Bow Tie Nebula is about 5 degrees to the southeast. You can locate it by visualizing a right triangle with γ Cephei and Iota (ι) Cephei, as shown in the chart below.
Star charts created with Cartes du Ciel